(一) hydraulicengineering is mainly divided into flood control works, irrigation and waterconservancy project, hydropower engineering, power supply and drainageengineering, navigation engineering, etc. For the purpose of comprehensiveutilization of water resources to meet the need of flood control, irrigation,power generation, water supply and navigation, it is necessary to build variousof structures to form an interrelated whole to controland distribute watertogether, constituting a comprehensive body called hydro-junction, thebuildings in which are known as hydraulic structures. Answering the following in English: What do hydraulic engineering include? A__________________ B___________________ C___________________ D____________________ E_____________________ Match thefollowing : hydro-junction hydraulic structures navigation engineering drainage engineering comprehensiveutilization of water resources a 排水工程 ___b 航运工程等 ___c 综合利用水资源 ___d 水利枢纽 ____ e. 水工建筑物 _____ 。 (二) .Diversionsystem, water turbine and its speed control device, generators, electricalload of hydropower station compose alarge power system. The system has two stable states: static and constant speedoperation. When the power system is transferred from one state to another or isdisturbed in a constant speed operation, the system will appear an unsteadytransition (transient state) process, which will result in a series ofengineering problems such as water hammer of pressure water pipe (channel),water level fluctuation of the surge chamber, speed change of water turbine set and the stability ofthe speed control system, etc. Answerthe following: 1.What are power system made up of ? A__________ B__________ C__________ D__________ 2Transientstate results in a series of engineering problems for example: _______________________________________________________ (三) Blasting engineering : Blastingis to make the soil and rock around explosives broken, thrown or loose, byusing the energy released by industrial explosive. So the blasting method isoften used to excavate the foundation ditch andneeded space of underground building during construction. Some specialengineering blasting technologies can also be used to complete some specificconstruction tasks, such as directional blasting , presplitting blasting , and smooth blasting, ect. Answering the following in English: What is the Blasting? Answer:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________. Fill in the blanks: The blasting method includes_________ ________ ______. Translating 1. 土石坝是 指由土料、石料或土石混合料,采用抛填、碾压等方法堆筑成的挡水坝。土石坝主要利用土石颗粒之间的摩擦、黏聚特性和密实性来维持自身的稳定、抵御水压力和防止渗透破坏。 2. 当动力系统从一个状态转移到另一个状态,或在恒速运行时受到扰动,系统都会出现非恒定的过渡(暂态)过程,由此产生一系列工程问题:压力水管(道)的水锤现象、调压室水位波动现象、机组转速变化和调速系统的稳定等问题。