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阅读理解。 A new eight-kilometre road is under construction that links the port area with the motorway system. It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic inthe center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometre road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for traffic to the south. The two tunnelsare about 20 metres below the suce and are 12 metres wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in eachdirection. In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electronic signs at frequent intervals (间隔). They show traffic conditions ahead, and canbe seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining (混凝土衬砌). Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part ofthe tunnel is somewhat flat. The suce of the road lieson the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The drainage system (排水系统), just below the road suceon one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water. In the of fire, the fire main, which is made of steel, pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel, and at the level of the road suce. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones. 1. Each of the tunnels under construction is _____. A. eight kilometers long and twenty metres wideB. eight kilometers long and six metres wide C. four kilometers long and twenty metres wide D. four kilometers long and six metres wide 2. Which part of the tunnel in the diagram is used to pipe out extra water? A. 1. B. 3. C. 5. D. 6. 3. Driving in the tunnel, one can know the traffic conditions ahead through _____. A. the lights B. the electronic signsC. the trucks and cars D. the emergency phones 4. The passage is mainly about _____. A. the construction of a roadB. the design of a roadC. the construction of two tunnels D. the design of two tunnels

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【多选题】整体式隧道衬砌结构要()。

A.
承受围岩压力
B.
承受地下水压力
C.
承受支护结构自身重力
D.
阻止围岩向隧道内变形
E.
防止隧道围岩的风化

【单选题】关于复合式衬砌下列说法错误的是()。

A.
初期支护应按主要承载结构设计。
B.
二次支护在Ⅳ~Ⅵ级围岩时按安全储备设计;在Ⅰ~Ⅲ围岩时按承载(后期围压)结构设计,并均应满足构造要求。
C.
应通过量测及时支护,以便最大限度发挥由围岩和支护组成的承载结构的自承能力。
D.
通过量测,确定恰当的支护标淮和合适的二次衬砌时间。

【单选题】作用在衬砌上的围岩压力属于()

A.
永久荷载
B.
可变荷载
C.
偶然荷载
D.
被动荷载

【单选题】隧道二次衬砌的施工,应在()进行。

A.
围岩和初期劫掠变形基本稳定后
B.
喷射砼达到龄期后
C.
围岩和锚杆支护施工后马上
D.
喷射砼达到设计强度后