E-mail lives somewhere between a phone call and a formal letter: it can be unprepared or carefully constructed. The trouble is that you cannot always be sure how the recipient (收件人) is going to interpret your message so it helps to be as clear as possible. You can do a few things to ensure that people don’t take offence.

The Summer Festival of this year is the most wonderful one we’ve ever seen, so everybody should get something. They have held the festival five times and this is the sixth time. The timing is a little different: For the last five years, it’s been around the third to fifteenth of the month, but this year everybody is allowed to get enough time so that we can recover from the first of January celebrations. Therefore it has been scheduled at the end of the month. Sensational plays, dances and also a great many art exhibitions are all in the list of the programmes, but the most famous one is its great street music in the festival. In today’s report, however, I’m interested in looking at some of the theatrical events that you might like to see; especially, at this year’s topic-circuses. I’d like to tell you something about the circus performances, not plenty of others in the programme. The reason why I’ve chosen these is that they represent distinct movements within circus performances. The Circus Romano is the first one that comes from Italy. As a travelling circus, it represents a long tradition by performing in a marquee, which is really like a portable canvas building, and usually it is erected in a green space or a car park, instead of in a theatre or a stadium.

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Long long ago mankind began to use tools. Throughout the world, you can still find the tools which were used over two million years ago. People made such tools by hitting one stone (36) another. By this means, they got pieces from one of the stones. These pieces of stone were always (37) on one side. People utilized them to (38) skin and meat from some animals that were dead, (39) to make other tools from wood. Mankind needed (40) use tools since, unlike other meat-eating (41) , say lions, they did not have sharp teeth. Tools greatly helped people obtain food more (42) .

Tools helped (43) human intelligence as well when human worked with them. The human brain became bigger gradually, and human beings began to invent a growing number of tools. The stone piece was one of the (44) tools that were used by people, and maybe it was (45) . Some scientists hold it was the key (46) human beings’ success.

A new kind of tool has come into people’s view since 1960, that is, the silicon chip a small chip of silicon crystal. It is a bit (47) than a fingernail, but it is able to (48) several million "bits" of information or so. No doubt that it is an (49) brain.

Each year these chips grow cleverer, however (50) size becomes smaller, what’s more, their cost gets (51) .

It is (52) over two million years that human beings used chips, but human (53) changed so little at that time. Now we have made use of silicon chips for merely (54) years, but our life is changing faster with each passing day.

(55) will human life be like in two decades

I was a freshman in college when I met the Whites. They were completely different from my own family, yet I felt at home with them immediately. Jane White and I became friends at school, and her family welcomed me like a long-lost cousin.

In my family, it was always important to place blame when anything bad happened.

"Who did this" my mother would scream about a dirty kitchen.

"This is all your fault, Katharine," my father would insist when the cat got out or the dishwasher broke.

From the time we were little, my sister, brothers and I told on each other. We set a place for blame at the dinner table.

But the Whites didn’t worry about who had done what. They picked up the pieces and moved on with their lives. The beauty of this was driven home to me the summer Jane died.

In July, the White sisters and I decided to take a car trip from their home in Florida to New York.

The two older sisters, Sarah and Jane, were college students, and the youngest, Amy, had recently turned sixteen. Proud of having a new driver’s license (驾照), Amy was excited about practicing her driving on the trip. She showed off her license to everyone she met.

The big sisters shared the driving of Sarah’s new car during the first part of the trip, but when they reached less crowded areas, they let Amy take over. Somewhere in South Carolina, we pulled off the highway to eat. After lunch, Amy got behind the wheel. She came to a crossroads with a stop sign. Whether she was nervous or just didn’t see the sign no one would ever know, but Amy continued into the crossroads without stopping. The driver of a large truck, unable to stop in time, ran into our car.

Jane was killed immediately.

I was slightly injured. The most difficult thing that I’ve ever done was to call the Whites to tell them about the accident and that Jane had died. Painful as it was for me to lose a good friend, I knew that it was far worse for them to lose a child. When Mr. and Mrs. White arrived at the hospital, they found their two daughters sharing a room. Sarah had a few cuts on the head; Amy’s leg was broken. They hugged (拥抱) us all and cried tears of sadness and of joy at seeing their daughters. They wiped away the girls’ tears and made a few jokes at Amy as she learned to use her crutches (拐杖).

To both of their daughters, and especially to Amy, over and over they simply said, "We’re so glad that you’re alive."

I was astonished. No blame. No accusations.

Later, I asked the Whites why they never talked about the fact that Amy was driving and had run a stop sign.

Mrs. White said, "Jane’s gone, and we miss her terribly. Nothing we say or do will ever bring her back. But Amy has her whole life ahead of her. How can she lead a full and happy life if she feels we blame her for her sister’s death"

They were right. Amy graduated from the University of California and got married several years ago. She works as a teacher of learning-disabled students. She’s als0 a mother of two little girls of her own, the oldest named Jane.

违反公司章程处置公司资产，其行为无效

违反公司章程从事非经营性交易，其行为无效

并未违反公司章程，其行为有效

无论是否违反公司章程，只要王某无恶意，该行为有效

Long long ago mankind began to use tools. Throughout the world, you can still find the tools which were used over two million years ago. People made such tools by hitting one stone (36) another. By this means, they got pieces from one of the stones. These pieces of stone were always (37) on one side. People utilized them to (38) skin and meat from some animals that were dead, (39) to make other tools from wood. Mankind needed (40) use tools since, unlike other meat-eating (41) , say lions, they did not have sharp teeth. Tools greatly helped people obtain food more (42) .

Tools helped (43) human intelligence as well when human worked with them. The human brain became bigger gradually, and human beings began to invent a growing number of tools. The stone piece was one of the (44) tools that were used by people, and maybe it was (45) . Some scientists hold it was the key (46) human beings’ success.

A new kind of tool has come into people’s view since 1960, that is, the silicon chip a small chip of silicon crystal. It is a bit (47) than a fingernail, but it is able to (48) several million "bits" of information or so. No doubt that it is an (49) brain.

Each year these chips grow cleverer, however (50) size becomes smaller, what’s more, their cost gets (51) .

It is (52) over two million years that human beings used chips, but human (53) changed so little at that time. Now we have made use of silicon chips for merely (54) years, but our life is changing faster with each passing day.

(55) will human life be like in two decades