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【简答题】

William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757,he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822,and Caroline on September 1st,1848.
Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation(绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781,when on March 13th he discovered the planet Uranus(天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax(恒星视差).This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum,in honor of the then ruling English king GeorgeⅢ. The trick worked once again, as King GeorgeⅢ gave William and Caroline the titles of“The King’s Astronomer”and“Assistant to the King’s Astronomer”, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.
While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspots(太阳黑子),an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineth century. In 1800,he became interested in the solar spectrum(太阳光谱),and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线).In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.
小题1:Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by.A.discovering the planet UranusB.determining stellar parallaxC.discovering two moons of UranusD.uncovering the evidence for the infrared小题2:It can be inferred from the passage that George Ⅲ.A.liked science and technologyB.liked Herschel’s naming of the new planetC.was interested in astronomyD.gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions小题3:What do we know about Caroline from the passage?A.She was successful in music.B.She was given the title of“The King’s Astronomer”.C.She died later than her brother.D.She published two papers.小题4:This passage mainly tells readers.A.some information about Herschel and his sisterB.how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet UranusC.Herschel and Caroline got along well with each otherD.Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publications

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刷刷题刷刷变学霸
举一反三

【单选题】太阳黑子出现于( )

A.
太阳内部
B.
色球层
C.
光球层  
D.
日冕层

【单选题】A.所有的天体都以椭圆轨道运行 B.非椭圆轨道违背了天体力学的规律 C.天王星这颗行星的卫星以椭圆轨道运行 D.一个星体越大,它施加给另一个星体的引力就越大

A.
地球的卫星,木星的卫星,以及土星的卫星,全都是行星系统的例证,其中卫星在一个比它大得多的星体引力场中运行。由此可见,在每一个这样的系统中,卫星都以一种椭圆轨道运行。
B.
以上陈述可以逻辑地推出下面哪一项陈述?()