第四部分:任务型阅读(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 “Hey! So, this Lin Daiyu in A Dream of Red Mansions - ” The boy elbowed his deskmate, “Why would she hold a funeral for the flowers, and cry while doing so? What was it that made her so sad?” “You’d wonder, wouldn’t you?” the girl said. And she explained confidently: “What Lin Daiyu did exhibits the qualities and characteristics of literati ( 文人学士 ) in ancient China. This was called ‘grieving over spring’s passing and saddened at the arrival of autumn’. That is to say, they tended to express their sentimentality ( 伤感 ) in the description of things amidst seasonal changes. This poem you just read, A Sad Song for the Flowers , is a typical work mourning the spring.” “But spring and autumn are the best seasons. So beautiful! Why would they trigger (引发) these feelings in poets?” Exactly they do trigger them! The turn of the seasons, at the end of spring or the beginning of autumn often triggered the realization of the elapse of time and the shortness of life. Poets, particularly the lonely, troubled and unfulfilled ones, would describe habitual scenes, such as fallen flowers and running water in spring, or cold wind and cold drizzle in autumn, as symbols of the unavoidable fading of all things vigorous and beautiful. They put into their poems not only the imageries but also their epiphanies (领悟) .” Seeing the boy was impressed by her eloquence, the girl beamed proudly. He said, “Well put! I get it now. There are plenty of poems with similar subjects that I have read. Maybe it is common in Chinese classical poetry. But, wait, why is it so? Why were the Chinese poets affected with such a sentiment? Is it limited to Chinese poets?” “Uh... I wouldn’t say that it is entirely absent from foreign literature, but it is definitely more noticeable in Chinese literature...” flummoxed by the question, the girl was speechless now. As the two were engaged in their discussion, their Chinese teacher came in. They turned to him for help immediately. The teacher said, “Behind the strong emotions about spring and autumn is the general sensitivity of the Chinese people to the changes of Nature. I’m sure you both have learned in history class that ancient China was an advanced agricultural civilization, which largely depended on Nature to grow crops and reap the harvest. This in the long run gave the Chinese people a deep sense of awe in the face of Nature, and great sensitivity to the changes of the weather, which triggered their emotions at the turn of seasons.” “In the case of Daiyu and the ‘flower funeral’, it’s easy to understand in the context of the traditional Chinese concept of the Unity of ‘Man and Nature’, which regards Man as an essential part of Nature. What Daiyu was doing was relating herself to the flowers, and sympathizing with them, which was philosophically and cognitively pre-programmed in the Chinese cultural DNA.” Title: Grieving Over Spring’s Passing and Saddened at the Arrival of Autumn Why did Daiyu 71 flowers in a sad mood? 1. She related herself to the flowers and 72 with them. 2. What she did was 73 of literati in ancient China , expressing their sentimentality by 74 things amidst seasonal changes. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why would spring and autumn trigger 75 in poets? 1. The turn of seasons often 76 ancient people of the passing of time and shortness of life. 2. Habitual scenes would be used by poets to 77 the disappearing of the past vigor and beauty. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why was such a sentiment noticeable in the Chinese poets but 78 in foreign literature? 1. Chinese people were generally 79 to the changes of Nature. 2. Traditional Chinese concept believed Man and Nature were 80 , Man as an essential part of Nature. 3. It was philosophically and cognitively pre-programmed in the Chinese cultural DNA.