Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Cardiologists have pioneered the world’s first non-surgical bypass operation to turn a vein into an artery using a new technique to divert blood flow in a man with severe heart disease. 41. _______________ Although major heart surgery is becoming commonplace, with more than 28,000 bypass operations in the UK annually, it is traumatic for patients and involves a long recovery period. The new technique was carried out by an international team bf doctors who performed the non-invasive surgery on a 53-year-old German patient. 42. ________________ According to a special report in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association, cardiologists developed a special catheter (导管)which was inserted into one of his leg arteries, threaded up through the aorta (主动脉) to the top of the diseased artery, which was the only part still open and receiving blood. 43. ______________ A thin, flexible wire was threaded through the needle and the needle and catheter were with drawn, leaving the wire behind and a small angioplasty(血管成形术) balloon, which was used to widen the channel. Finally, the vein was blocked off just above the new channel allowing blood from the artery to be re-routed down the vein. 44. ______________ Dr. Stephen Oesterle, who led the team, said: "This milestone marks the first coronary artery bypass performed with a catheter. The technology offers a realistic hope for truly minimally invasive bypass procedures in the future." Dr. Oesterle is director of cardiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston. Melanie Haddon, cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation, said it was likely to be many years before the procedure was routinely used in hospitals. “Non-invasive surgery, such as this new method, could help minimize the risks, bringing great benefits to the patient." A clot-busting drug combined with 10-minute spurts of exercise has been found to grow new blood vessels in children with heart disease. 45. _______________ X-rays showed that over a five month period a network of tiny new blood vessels formed in two of the patients. In all seven individuals, the treatment was associated with improved blood flow to the heart muscle in the areas around the blockage.
[A] In every case, the therapy increased the size of the blocked artery allowing more blood to pass through.
[B] The diabetic patient, who has not bean named, had suffered severe chest pains because one of his coronary arteries was severely blocked and depriving his heart muscle of oxygen, but he was considered by doctors to be unsuitable for traditional bypass surgery.
[C] Then, guided by ultra-sound a physician pushed a needle from inside the catheter through the artery wall and into the adjacent vein.
[D] The keyhole procedure, which avoids the extensive invasive surgery of a conventional bypass, will offer hope to tens of thousands of people at risk from heart attacks. Coronary heart disease, where the arteries are progressively silted up with fatty deposits, is responsible in a major industrial country like Britain for more than 160,000 deaths each year.
[E] After the procedure, the vein effectively became an artery, carrying blood in the reverse direction from the previous way, and feeding the starved heart tissue with oxygen.
[F] Researchers in Japan studied seven children and agers, aged 6 to 19, who had a totally blocked artery and could not be helped by surgery. They were asked to exercise on a bicycle ma chine twice a day for 10 days and given the anti-clotting drug before each session.
[G] It is very premature to suggest that this technique will significantly reduce the need for coronary bypass surgery in the near future. It won’t be a solution for everyone. The reality is that veins are not always located that close to an artery, so it wouldn’t work under certain circumstances.

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Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Cardiologists have pioneered the world’s first non-surgical bypass operation to turn a vein into an artery using a new technique to divert blood flow in a man with severe heart disease. 41. _______________ Although major heart surgery is becoming commonplace, with more than 28,000 bypass operations in the UK annually, it is traumatic for patients and involves a long recovery period. The new technique was carried out by an international team bf doctors who performed the non-invasive surgery on a 53-year-old German patient. 42. ________________ According to a special report in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association, cardiologists developed a special catheter (导管)which was inserted into one of his leg arteries, threaded up through the aorta (主动脉) to the top of the diseased artery, which was the only part still open and receiving blood. 43. ______________ A thin, flexible wire was threaded through the needle and the needle and catheter were with drawn, leaving the wire behind and a small angioplasty(血管成形术) balloon, which was used to widen the channel. Finally, the vein was blocked off just above the new channel allowing blood from the artery to be re-routed down the vein. 44. ______________ Dr. Stephen Oesterle, who led the team, said: "This milestone marks the first coronary artery bypass performed with a catheter. The technology offers a realistic hope for truly minimally invasive bypass procedures in the future." Dr. Oesterle is director of cardiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston. Melanie Haddon, cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation, said it was likely to be many years before the procedure was routinely used in hospitals. “Non-invasive surgery, such as this new method, could help minimize the risks, bringing great benefits to the patient." A clot-busting drug combined with 10-minute spurts of exercise has been found to grow new blood vessels in children with heart disease. 45. _______________ X-rays showed that over a five month period a network of tiny new blood vessels formed in two of the patients. In all seven individuals, the treatment was associated with improved blood flow to the heart muscle in the areas around the blockage.
[A] In every case, the therapy increased the size of the blocked artery allowing more blood to pass through.
[B] The diabetic patient, who has not bean named, had suffered severe chest pains because one of his coronary arteries was severely blocked and depriving his heart muscle of oxygen, but he was considered by doctors to be unsuitable for traditional bypass surgery.
[C] Then, guided by ultra-sound a physician pushed a needle from inside the catheter through the artery wall and into the adjacent vein.
[D] The keyhole procedure, which avoids the extensive invasive surgery of a conventional bypass, will offer hope to tens of thousands of people at risk from heart attacks. Coronary heart disease, where the arteries are progressively silted up with fatty deposits, is responsible in a major industrial country like Britain for more than 160,000 deaths each year.
[E] After the procedure, the vein effectively became an artery, carrying blood in the reverse direction from the previous way, and feeding the starved heart tissue with oxygen.
[F] Researchers in Japan studied seven children and agers, aged 6 to 19, who had a totally blocked artery and could not be helped by surgery. They were asked to exercise on a bicycle ma chine twice a day for 10 days and given the anti-clotting drug before each session.
[G] It is very premature to suggest that this technique will significantly reduce the need for coronary bypass surgery in the near future. It won’t be a solution for everyone. The reality is that veins are not always located that close to an artery, so it wouldn’t work under certain circumstances.